Development and Characterization of Metal-Salt-Doped Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Films with Enhanced Antibacterial Properties

Abstract

This study presents the preparation and analysis of homogeneous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline (PANI) blends in a 50:50 ratio, doped with CuCl₃ and AgNO₃ salts. Thin films of these nanocomposites were fabricated using the casting method. Structural, morphological, and antibacterial properties were characterized. XRD revealed partial crystallinity with new peaks for AgO and CuO due to oxidation. FE-SEM transformed from smooth to rough, porous surfaces in the doped composites. FTIR confirmed molecular interactions and successful nanoparticle integration. Antibacterial tests showed significant inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, particularly in AgNO₃-doped samples.