Seasonal Analysis and Design of a Solar Power System to Meet Electricity Needs in Kirkuk Using PVsyst.

Abstract

This research aims to study and evaluate the operational efficiency of a (9 Kw) photovoltaic solar energy system in Kirkuk, Iraq, using version (7.4) of PVsyst. Data related to geographical location and local climatic conditions were integrated to facilitate an accurate simulation of the system, determining the most beneficial tilt angle and the orientation of the solar panels. The results indicated that the optimal tilt angle is (32) degrees with a southern orientation, which in turn increases the annual reception of solar radiation. The annual performance factor of the system was determined to be (0.84); however, there is a noticeable decrease during the summer months due to high temperatures. The energy loss diagram showed that the predominant losses are attributed to thermal effects and panel mismatch. Meanwhile, results related to the energy distribution that feeds the grid showed that the system operates with high efficiency during peak hours of sunlight. This study demonstrates the feasibility of investing in solar energy in the city of Kirkuk and emphasizes the need to analyze environmental and technical variables to enhance the performance of solar energy systems in future endeavors.