Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of TeO2-Reinforced PMMA–PS Nanocomposites Developed by Solution Casting Method

Abstract

The structural, morphological, and antibacterial properties of nanocomposites composed of a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) reinforced with tellurium oxide particles at 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight were studied in this research. It was proven that the solvent casting design was effective. The presence of bonds and interactions between the components of the nanocomposites was verified using multiple analytical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FESEM microscopy images indicated that the nanoparticles were well-distributed at low concentrations and aggregated at high concentrations. EDS examination confirmed the presence and uniform distribution of tellurium and oxygen elements within the polymer matrix, proving the successful incorporation of TeO2 nanoparticles into the composite structure. The nanocomposite exhibited excellent activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for antibacterial applications. The electrostatic interaction generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to bacterial cell damage. All these results indicate that these compounds may have applications in the fields of medicine and antimicrobial packaging.